8 limbed baby

 Lakshmi Tatma is now six years old and has had life saving operation. The young girl was worshipped in her country and the ocals thought she was like a goddess because of her unusual medical condition.

She was believed by village locals to be a reincarnation of the goddess Lakshmi. At first her parents were hesitant to perform the operation whch would remove the additional limbs, however they quickly changed their mind after doctors advised the parents it would be difficult for her to survive into adulthood. The operation took a total of 27 hours to remove the remains of her parasitic twin. The parasitic twin used her body for nutrition and respiration although the young child was unable to move the additional limbs.  She has been featured on shows on television such as National Geographic and will require additional surgeries to correct her spine and feet which are pointed inward.

 Lakshmi has certainly lived quite the unusual and extraordinary life in her short span of six years.

A Woman with Giant Legs

IMandy Sellars, a 34-year old woman, from Lancashire, was diagnosed with a rare condition involving a progressive abnormal growth of body tissues called Proteus syndrome in May 2006. She was said to be born with abnormally large feet and legs, which continue to grow into hugely oversized legs at an alarming rate, making her normal life nearly impossible. Her legs are observed to be heavier than most women and wider than the average man’s waist. She has a clubfoot which has turned 180 degrees backwards, and her left leg is about 5 inches longer than her right leg.

Daisy and Violet Hilton

Daisy and Violet Hilton
The Famed Hilton sisters were born in Brighton, England on February 5th. 1908 and were joined at the hips and buttocks while sharing the same blood circulatory system. Both sisters also claimed that they could seperate themselves mentally.
Their unmarried mother sold the twins to their midwife Mrs. Mary Hilton shortly after their birth, then at a young age they were touring the sideshows under their adopted name.
After their guardian died and with the help of a lawyer, the Hilton twins managed to free themselves from legal guardianship and received $100 thousand in the ensuing lawsuit.
Although they claimed to dislike the life of the carnival, they were amongst the highest paid freaks on record, earning $5 thousand a week while on the road touring with circuses and vaudeville.
Daisy Hilton once told a reporter, "We don't mind having people stare at us. We're used to it. We've never known anything else."
Both girls had many romances, and both had been married and divorced to husbands who cheated them of vast amounts of their money.
Curiously there is no mention of their appearance in Freaks in any of their publicity releases, interviews or even in their memoirs. Their only other film appearance was in the exploitation classic Chained for Life (1950) billed as the Hamilton Sisters and the sequel TORN BY A KNIFE.
During a promotional tour, the sisters found themselves stranded in Charlotte, North Carolina where they found work at a Park and Shop grocery store on Wilkinson Boulevard. In their red and white checked shirts they would weigh the produce on twin scales for the customers. On the 6th. January 1969 the Hiltons failed to report for work and when the police were notified they were discovered to have died from influenza.

Zip and Pip

Zip and Pip

 
Jennie Lee and Elvira Snow, also known as "The Snow Twins", suffered from microcephaly, characterised by abnormally small craniums which gave rise at the time to the term "pinhead". Like most microcephaly sufferers Zip and Pip were mentally retarded, but although based at Coney Island, they also travelled with the World Circus Sideshow for many years.

CONJOINED TWINS

The earliest depiction of conjoined twins comes in the form of a statue excavated from a Neolithic shrine near Anatolia and it depicts a pair of ample women joined at the hip. In 700 BCE, the conjoined Molionides brothers appear in Greek mythology. One is fathered by Poseidon and the other by King Actor.
The earliest written account of actual conjoined twins dates from 945, when conjoined twin brothers from Armenia were brought to Constantinople for exhibition. They were reported to be well formed and healthy but were banished from the court until the reign of Constantine VII. One took sick and died. Surgeons, attempting the first separation in recorded history failed to save the twin – he joined his brother in death three days later.

The subject of conjoined twins was a popular one in the old monster texts. Pare describe thirteen individual cases including two sisters joined back to back, two sisters joined at the head and a pair of boys who shared a single heart. In 1560, Pierre Boaistuau’s histoires prodigieuses features a plate illustrated a pair of women – joined at the waist and sharing a single set of legs –depicted in an almost Botticelli flair.

There are several types of conjoined twins and they are classified by the point at which they are joined. The Greek suffix ‘pagus’ (fixed) follows each classification.

Cephalopagus is a rear union of the upper half of the body with two faces on opposite sides of a conjoined head. It is extremely rare and it is sometimes called Janus Syndrome. Craniopagus is a cranial union only and constitutes about 2% of all conjoined twins. Craniothoracopagus is a union of head and chest. There is only one brain, and the hearts and gastrointestinal tracts are fused. It is also known as epholothoracopagus. Dicephalus is a term that refers to one body with two heads and it is likely the rarest form. The ischopagus and omphalogagus unions are unions of the lower half of the body and constitute about 12% of all conjoined twins. Papapagus is a lateral union of the lower half, extending variable distances upward and constitutes about 5% of all conjoined twins. There is the pygopagus union – a joining at the rump (19% and also know as Illeopagus) and finally the thoracopagus which is a union at the upper half of the trunk and the most common (35%).

Just to throw some more numbers at you conjoined twins occur in once out of every two hundred thousand pregnancies and seems to be female dominant – with about 77% of all recorded conjoined twins being female. Furthermore, there has never been a documented case of conjoined triplets among human beings – but it has occurred in amphibians.

The cause of conjoined twining and what exactly happens inside the womb is still a big medical mystery. Aristotle, in his The generation of animals, argued that conjoined twins came from two embryos based on an observation he made of conjoined chickens – which had four legs and four wings, by the way. The creation of deformed chickens was quite common in ancient and even Victorian times. A simple vigorous shaking of an egg often resulted in abnormal births. Later, he amended his argument to the idea that conjoined twins formed from one embryo split into two. These two theories are referred to as the fission and fusion theories.

There are a lot of unusual question surrounding conjoined twins. Unlike traditional twins, conjoined twins share a placenta and a single amniotic sac but also each have one of their own.
The most recent theory surrounding conjoined twins is the most shocking of all. Many researches now theorize that conjoined twins are not twins at all. Rather, via a malfunctioning organizer gene –nicknamed Noggin, conjoined twins are one being in which multiple appendages are duplicated. Instead of growing a single head, for example, the gene sends a signal to grow two. Two bodies, two brains equals one human marvel of medicine.

THE BIDDENDEN MAIDS

One of the oldest professional conjoined twins – to display themselves as a livelihood – were the Biddenden Maids. Eliza and Mary Chulkhurst were born in 1100 to an upper class family in just outside of Kent, England. The pair were likely pygopagus twins and most illustrations show them as such. There are a few anomalous images depicting the pair joined at the shoulders as well, however, this was likely due to an artists working from description only.
When one twin died in 1134, the remaining one is alleged to have refused separation, saying, ‘As we came together, we will also go together’. She died just hours after her sister.

 The twins were quite wealthy in life and left their fortune to the poor, a fortune that included 20 acres of land. The people of Biddenden were so enamored with the sisters and their gracious gift that until the early 1900’s an annual festival was celebrated in their honor. In a somewhat unusual tradition, the creation of ‘Biddenden Cakes’ – featuring depictions of the sisters – were common and a staple treat during the celebration.

While the festival is gone, a row of homes bearing the name Chulkhurst remain on the land the pair donated.

THE SCOTTISH BROTHERS

Little is known of The Scottish Brothers of the mid 1400’s (1460 -1488 being the best estimate) and, by the earliest descriptions, there is a strong chance that the pair were dicephalus conjoined twins – two heads on a single body.

The twins were born near Glasgow and were brought to the court of King James III at an early age. They spent their lives attending the court and lived there for most of their twenty-eight years.

They were very well treated and well educated. They spoke and read several different languages. They were renowned for their singing grand duets – one would sing tenor and the other bass.

It was said that the two often argued and physically fought, which was likely a very unusual sight – even more so than the sight of a two headed boy.

The cause of death is unknown; however they were most certainly mourned by the King and his court.

THE HUNGARIAN SISTERS

 

“Two sisters wonderful to behold, who have thus grown as one,

That naught their bodies can divide, no power beneath the sun.
The town of Szoenii gave them birth, hard by far-famed Komorn,
Which noble fort may all the arts of Turkish sultans scorn.
Lucina, woman’s gentle friend, did Helen first receive;
And Judith, when three hours had passed, her mother’s womb did leave.
One urine passage serves for both; one anus, so they tell;
The other parts their numbers keep, and serve their owners well.
Their parents poor did send them forth, the world to travel through,
That this great wonder of the age should not be hid from view.
The inner parts concealed do lie hid from our eyes, alas!
But all the body here you view erect in solid brass.”

Often called simply ‘The Hungarian Sisters’ Helen and Judith of Szony, Hungary were born on October 26, 1701. The twins enjoyed a robust career in music and were exhibited all over Europe during their scant 22 years of life. The pair were born pygopagus twins and Judith was considered to be the weaker of the two. Shortly after retiring and entering a convent, Judith died of an unclassified ‘brain trauma’ and Helen joined her sister in death a few hours later. The pair continues to live on thanks to the poem above – written by Alexander Pope.

RITTA & CHRISTINA – Early Conjoined Twins

Ritta and Christina Parodi are likely the best documented case of conjoined twining in the early 19th century. The details of their life and death, in the form of detailed autopsy reports, are well known. Their life was remarkably short, due in part to their popularity.
The twins were born in Sassare, Sardina on March 3, 1829 and were the last in a family of eight. The Parodis were quite poor, but upon the birth of the twins they spent their savings on a trip to France, with the assumption that doctors and naturalists would scramble to study the twins. However, upon arriving in France, the family had no idea of how to promote the twins and became increasingly destitute. They initially tried to display the twins publicly but were constantly denied by city officials. Eventually word did get out and physicians came to them. Unfortunately, constant observation interrupted the twins sleep and exposed them to chills. Ritta, who was sickly since birth and steadily growing weaker, quietly passed on November 23, 1829 while suckling from their mother. Christina, who up to that point had been both healthy and alert, died only moments later. They had lived for only eight months.

The pair was distinct from the shoulders up. But below the navel they shared one set of genitals, one anus, on pelvis and one set of legs. During autopsy, it was revealed that the viscera of the pair were transposed to each other. The viscera – heart included – formed mirror images of each other. It was likely this ‘backwards heart’ that caused Ritta to be so sick and weakly.
The twins’ skeleton as well as a plaster cast of their body is currently in the possession of the Natural History Museum in Paris. However, neither is currently on display.